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We contextualize these computational methods within the emerging field of computational ethology more broadly and discuss how these tools can be applied in behavior and neurophysiology. Here, we discuss this emerging set of tools available to the animal communication researcher. The ethological and neuro-ethological study of animal communication has a long history, and its future stands to benefit greatly from these new methods. These methods capitalize on two advances: the ability to record and annotate very-large behavioral datasets, and the use of new computational tools to reveal structure within and between these datasets. Over the past several years emerging methods have enabled biologists to capture and quantify ethological data in ways that yield new insights into the structure and organization of behavior.
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Along with a discussion of recent advances and techniques, we include challenges and broader goals in establishing a framework for the computational neuroethology of vocal communication. We review a range of modern computational methods for bioacoustics, signal processing, and brain-behavior mapping. This review describes emerging techniques that can be applied to acoustic and vocal communication signals with the goal of enabling study beyond a small number of model species. Vocal communication behavior is well poised for application of similar large-scale quantification methods in the service of physiological and ethological studies. Recently developed methods in computational neuroethology have enabled increasingly detailed and comprehensive quantification of animal movements and behavioral kinematics. 5Kavli Institute for Brain and Mind, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States.4Neurobiology Section, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States.3Neurosciences Graduate Program, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States.2Center for Academic Research & Training in Anthropogeny, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States.1Department of Psychology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States.